Neck Arthritis (Cervical Spondylosis)

Neck arthritis, also called cervical spondylosis, is a common condition that develops as the discs, joints, and ligaments in the cervical spine wear down over time. While many people experience some degree of age-related changes in the neck, cervical spondylosis can lead to pain, stiffness, and nerve compression that interferes with daily life.

At The Orthopedic Partners, we provide thorough evaluations and a range of treatment options, from conservative therapies to advanced surgical procedures, designed to relieve symptoms and restore function.

What Is Cervical Spondylosis?

The cervical spine (neck) contains seven vertebrae (C1–C7) separated by discs and supported by small facet joints and ligaments. Over the years, these structures naturally degenerate, much like arthritis in other joints.

In cervical spondylosis, the discs lose height and hydration, facet joints develop arthritis, and bone spurs (osteophytes) may form. These changes can cause stiffness, limit motion, and put pressure on nearby nerves or even the spinal cord.

Symptoms of Neck Arthritis

Cervical spondylosis symptoms can range from mild to severe. Common signs include:

  • Neck pain and stiffness, often worse in the morning or after activity
  • Grinding or popping sensations when moving the neck
  • Pain that radiates to the shoulder, arm, or upper back
  • Numbness or tingling in the arms, hands, or fingers
  • Weakness in the arms or hands
  • Headaches, especially at the base of the skull
  • In advanced cases, balance issues or trouble with fine motor skills (if the spinal cord is affected)

What Causes Cervical Spondylosis?

Cervical spondylosis is most often due to natural aging and wear, but several factors can contribute:

  • Disc degeneration: Discs lose hydration and cushioning ability
  • Bone spurs (osteophytes): Bony overgrowth from arthritis that encroaches on nerves
  • Thickened ligaments: Over time, ligaments stiffen and narrow the spinal canal
  • Previous injuries: Trauma or repetitive strain accelerates degeneration
  • Genetics: Family history of early spinal degeneration

Risk Factors

You may be more likely to develop cervical spondylosis if any of the following apply to you:

  • Age over 50
  • History of neck injuries or repetitive strain
  • Physically demanding work or sports involving neck motion
  • Poor posture (including “tech neck” from prolonged device use)
  • Family history of spine conditions
  • Smoking, which accelerates disc degeneration

How Is Cervical Spondylosis Diagnosed?

Diagnosis begins with a physical exam to assess neck movement, nerve function, reflexes, and muscle strength. Imaging may include:

  • X-rays: Show disc space narrowing, arthritis, or bone spurs
  • MRI: Provides detailed views of discs, nerves, and soft tissues
  • CT scan: Offers additional bone detail for complex cases
  • Electrodiagnostic tests (EMG/NCS): May be used in specific instances to evaluate for nerve involvement

Treatment Options for Neck Arthritis

Treatment depends on the severity of your symptoms and whether nerves or the spinal cord are compressed.

Non-surgical Treatments

  • Activity modification and posture correction
  • Physical therapy to improve strength, flexibility, and stability
  • Medications such as anti-inflammatories or muscle relaxants
  • Cervical collar (short-term) to reduce strain during acute flares
  • Steroid injections for targeted relief of inflammation and pain

Surgical Treatments

Surgery may be recommended if symptoms are severe, progressive, or resistant to conservative care. Options include:

  • Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF): Removes the affected disc and fuses the vertebrae for stability
  • Cervical Disc Replacement: Preserves motion at the affected level for select patients
  • Cervical Laminoplasty or Laminectomy: Creates more space for the spinal cord and nerves in cases of significant stenosis

At The Orthopedic Partners, we also use robotic-assisted and computer-navigated techniques whenever appropriate to enhance precision and safety.

When to See a Spine Specialist

See a specialist if you have ongoing neck pain, radiating arm symptoms, or neurological changes such as weakness, poor balance, or loss of coordination. Early treatment can help prevent symptoms from progressing and preserve quality of life.

Find Relief for Cervical Spondylosis

Neck arthritis doesn’t have to keep you from the activities you enjoy. At The Orthopedic Partners, we combine advanced diagnostics, tailored non-surgical treatments, and innovative surgical options when needed to help you find relief.

Schedule your evaluation today and take the first step toward better spine health.